Previous studies have shown that age at diagnosis, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are predictors of survival status for vulvar cancer patients. The construction of models to predict the clinical prognosis of patients based on clinical indicators is clinically meaningful and is widely used in risk prediction in clinical practice. Therefore, early identifying the high-risk individuals and developing effective prevention strategies are very urgent to reverse the declining survival rates of vulvar cancer. Patients with vulvar cancer generally have a poor prognosis due to the high recurrence rate and propensity to metastasis, with a 5-year survival chance of 27%–60%. For the past 10 years, the incidence of vulvar cancer has been increasing by an average of 0.6% per year, whereas relative survival seems to be decreasing. Currently known risk factors for vulvar cancer included human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, ethnicity, smoking, vulvar atrophy or inflammation, and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In the United States, there were an estimated 6,120 new cases of vulvar cancer and 1,550 deaths in 2021. There were 45,240 new vulvar cancer cases and 17,427 cancer deaths worldwide in 2020. Vulvar cancer is a rare malignant gynecologic tumor, accounting for 4%–5% of all gynecological cancers and 0.3% of all cancers.
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